Perception of medical interns regarding the implementation of the Socratic method as a learning strategy

Abstract

Introduction: The question, an ancestral resource, remains fundamental both in the educational and medical fields. Inspired by Socrates, the socratic method of questioning fosters critical thinking and reflection. In the field of medicine, this method facilitates the transition from theory to clinical practice, establishing connections between knowledge. Despite these advantages, research on this strategy in medical education, especially in the context of teaching rounds, is scarce.

Objective: To explore the perceptions of undergraduate medical interns at the New Civil Hospital of Guadalajara “Dr. Juan I. Menchaca” regarding the implementation of the socratic method as a learning strategy during their rotation in internal medicine.

Method: A qualitative research was carried out through an intrinsic case study. The sample consisted of 8 key informants, intentionally selected. Subsequently, a focus group was conducted with these students after the internal medicine rotation, following obtaining informed consent. Data analysis was carried out using Glaser and Strauss constant comparison method, following the steps described by Miles and Huberman, using the Atlas.ti program as a computational tool.

Results: 151 units of meaning were identified, which were grouped into 34 descriptive categories, with 7 metacategories and 3 qualitative domains emerging: “meaning of strategy”, “teaching-learning process”, and “factors influencing the implementation of the strategy”.

Conclusions: Undergraduate medical interns perceive the socratic method of questioning as a learning strategy that enhances self-confidence and motivation to learn. This approach promotes meaningful learning by connecting prior knowledge with new insights; moreover, it fosters collaboration and reflection, creating an environment conducive to both personal and professional growth. However, its full implementation requires teaching commitment and adjustments in the hospital setting.